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An overview of the environmental finance policies in China: retrofitting an integrated mechanism forenvironmental management

LI Wei,HU Mengze

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 316-328 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0625-5

Abstract: Considering the significant roles of the policies in developing environmental finance, an overview isconducted on the environmental finance policies (EFPs) in China.The policies have played a critical role in leading to a rapid development in environmental finance byinvolving more financial instruments to accomplish the objective-led environmental plans.Driven by the policies, the new green credit (GC), green security (GS), and green insurance (GI) instruments

Keywords： environmental finance policy     integrated mechanism     phased evolution     implementation progress     financialinstitution     environmental management    

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Review on environmental policies in China: Evolvement, features, and evaluation

ZHANG Kunmin, WEN Zongguo, PENG Liying

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 129-141 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0044-6

Abstract: This article reviews the development of current environmental policies in China and the great progressApplying lessons learned from industrialized countries to its own situation, China’s environmental policiesDuring the past 30 years, China’s environmental policies have evolved and deepened: status expanded thenational basic policies of environmental protection by adding a sustainable development strategy, focusintroduces how they are evaluated by the international community and provides the prospects of the policies
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Renewable energy resources, policies and gaps in BRICS countries and the global impact

Lakshmi PATHAK, Kavita SHAH

Frontiers in Energy 2019, Volume 13, Issue 3,   Pages 506-521 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0601-z

Abstract: presents comparative yet extensive analysis of existing non-conventional renewable resources, energy policiesBrazil has stable energy policies and is the leading producer of biofuels following hydropower untilRussia needs improvement in its legal and regulatory framework with more incentives in energy policies, economical, societal and environmental conditions which will help in shaping global energy policiescontributor of global renewable capacity where the developed world is geared and busy to address the environmental

Keywords： BRICS     CO2 emissions     energy     policies     renewable    

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Current status and developing trends of the contents of heavy metals in sewage sludges in China

Jun YANG,Mei LEI,Tongbin CHEN,Ding GAO,Guodi ZHENG,Guanghui GUO,Duujong LEE

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 5,   Pages 719-728 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0600-6

Abstract: It is essential to determine the heavy metal concentrations in sewage sludge to select appropriate disposal methods. We conducted a national survey of heavy metal concentrations of sewage sludge samples from 107 municipal sewage treatment plants located in 48 cities covering the 31 provinces and autonomous regions, as well as Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan by Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in 2006, and identified the temporal trends of heavy metal contents in sewage sludge by comparison with surveys conducted in 1994–2001. In 2006, the average concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sewage sludge were 20.2, 1.97, 93.1, 218.8, 2.13, 48.7, 72.3, and 1058 mg·kg , respectively. Because of the decreased discharge of heavy metals into industrial wastewater in China and the increasingly stringent regulations governing the content of industrial wastes entering sewers, the average concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn have decreased by 32.3%, 49.7%, 54.9%, 25.0%, 37.2%, 44.8%, and 27.0%, respectively, during the past 12 years. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn in the samples exceeded the heavy metal limits of the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant in China (GB 18918-2002) by 6.5%, 3.7%, 6.5%, 6.5%, and 11.2%, respectively. From these results, 85 of the 107 municipal sludges analyzed would be considered suitable for land application.

Keywords： sewage sludge     heavy metals     temporal variation     national survey     environmental policies    

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An emerging market for groundwater remediation in China: Policies, statistics, and future outlook

Deyi Hou, Guanghe Li, Paul Nathanail

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1027-x

Abstract: All of these new policies and regulations put pressures on local governments and contaminated site owners

Keywords： Groundwater pollution     Contaminated land     Groundwater remediation     Emerging market    

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A Study on the Policies and Regulations of Network Electronic Identity Management

Zou Xiang,Hu Chuanping and Fang Binxing、Chen Bing

Strategic Study of CAE 2016, Volume 18, Issue 6,   Pages 23-27 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.06.005

Abstract:

This paper analyzes and sorts out the policies, laws, and regulations of network electronic identitydevelopment of China's network identity management, and outlines the 13th Five-Year Plan's policies

Keywords： network electronic identity     identity management     policies and regulations    

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POLICIES AND REGULATIONS FOR PROMOTING MANURE MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN CHINA

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021, Volume 8, Issue 1,

Abstract:

• Policies and action plans for improving manure utilization are critically reviewed.Correspondingly, the government has enacted a series of policies and regulations to increase the sustainabilityThis paper reviews the objectives of these policies and regulations and their impacts on manure managementRequirements of manure pollution control and recycling for improved environmental performance of livestockproduction systems were included in three revised environmental laws.

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China’s Rural Transformation and Policies: Past Experience and Future Directions

Jikun Huang

Engineering 2022, Volume 18, Issue 11,   Pages 21-26 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.03.011

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Electricity demand, GDP and employment: evidence from Italy

Cosimo MAGAZZINO

Frontiers in Energy 2014, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 31-40 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0296-8

Abstract: This paper applies time series methodologies to examine the causal relationship among electricity demand, real per capita GDP and total labor force for Italy from 1970 to 2009. After a brief introduction, a survey of the economic literature on this issue is reported, before discussing the data and introducing the econometric techniques used. The results of estimation indicate that one cointegrating relationship exists among these variables. This equilibrium relation implies that, in the long-run, GDP and labor force are correlated negatively, as well as GDP and electricity. Moreover, there is a bi-directional Granger causality flow between real per capita GDP and electricity demand; while labor force does not Granger-cause neither real per capita GDP nor electricity demand. This implies that electricity demand and economic growth are jointly determined at the same time for the Italian case. The forecast error variance decomposition shows that forecast errors in real per capita GDP are mainly caused by the uncertainty in GDP itself, while forecast errors in labor force are mainly resulted from the labor force itself, although aggregate income and electricity are important, too.

Keywords： energy policies     electricity demand     GDP     labor force     stationarity     structural breaks     cointegration     causality    

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Influence of entrainer recycle for batch heteroazeotropic distillation

Laszlo Hegely, Peter Lang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 643-659 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1760-5

Abstract:

Dehydration of isopropanol applying batch heteroazeotropic distillation with toluene as entrainer (E) is investigated. The composition of the feed is near to that of the isopropanol (A)-water (B) azeotrope. The effects of recycling the entrainer and the off-cut are studied by dynamic simulation with a professional flow-sheet simulator. Three consecutive batches (one production cycle) is studied. Both operational modes (Mode I: decantation after distillation and Mode II: decantation during distillation) are simulated. For Mode II, calculations are performed both for Strategy A (distillate from the aqueous (E-lean) phase only) and Strategy B (partial withdrawal of the organic (E-rich phase), as well). The E-rich phase, the final column hold-up and the off-cut (Mode II only) are recycled to the next batch. The influence of the following parameters are determined: quantity of entrainer, reflux ratios of the steps. The variations caused by the recycling in the 2nd and 3rd batches are also shown. The best results (lowest specific energy demand and highest recovery of A) are obtained by Mode II, Strategy A. Recycling increases the recovery, and drastically diminishes the entrainer consumption. However, it makes the production slower and decreases the quantity of fresh feed that can be processed.

Keywords： batch distillation     heteroazeotropic distillation     operational policies     off-cut recycle     entrainer    

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Trends of environmental accidents and impact factors in China

Pengli XUE, Weihua ZENG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 266-276 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0267-1

Abstract: An overview of the spatial and temporal variations of the environmental accidents in China in recentConsidering the classification of environmental accidents at 4 scales, the general environmental accidentAs to the losses of environmental accidents, the casualties presented an obvious reduction tendency,in China were discussed and some suggestions were put forward, hoping to shed light on environmentalrisk management and emergency plans making associated with environmental accidents in China.

Keywords： environmental accidents     spatial and temporal trends     environmental risk    

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Why does environmental compliance cost more than penalty?—A legal analysis on environmental acts of enterprises in China

DONG Hongwei

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 434-442 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0069-2

Abstract: In the environmental protection field of China, due to lower law-breaking cost but higher law-abiding

Keywords： law-abiding     punishment     environmental protection     law-breaking     enterprise    

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Analysis of the current situation of environmental policy of China and establishment of distributed environmental

Chaoyang FU,Wangfeng LI

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2,   Pages 310-316 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0658-9

Abstract: In this study, China’s current macro-environmental policies as well as their implementation and managementpolicy of the total pollutant discharge quantity control type, and also the two types of environmentalBy introduction of distributed management tools into the implementation of environmental policies, market-orientedmeans and the methods of economic analysis are introduced into environmental policy decision-makinga new way to make environmental policy system more flexible and more efficient.

Keywords： environmental policy     distributed environment policy     distributed parameter model     lumped parameter model    

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Reducing environmental impacts through socioeconomic transitions: critical review and prospects

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1624-1

Abstract:

● Reducing environmental impacts through socioeconomic structural transitions

Keywords： Environmental pressures     Environmental impacts     Nexus     Supply chains     Trade     Coupled systems    

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A Comprehensive Evaluation of Policy Effectiveness for Energy Efficiency in Existing Buildings

Xing Wei,Han-ding Guo

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2014, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 341-347 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014060

Abstract: The healthy and stable development of energy efficiencies in existing buildings cannot be separated from effective policy operation, and evaluating policy effectiveness contributes to scientifically-sound government decision-making. This paper creates an evaluation index system and a grey comprehensive evaluation model for policy effectiveness for energy efficiency in existing buildings using three dimensions: 1) the effect of the policy itself; 2) the administrative effect of the policy; and 3) policy implementation effects. It chooses the government’s subsidy policy and preferential tax policy at market cultivation stage for its empirical comparative evaluation. The evaluation indicates that the former is more effective. Finally, it puts forward policy development suggestions from the perspective of: 1) clarifying incentive object; 2) broadening incentive scope; 3) increasing incentive intensity; and 4) innovating incentive mode.

Keywords： grey comprehensive evaluation     existing buildings     energy efficiency     policies effectiveness    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

An overview of the environmental finance policies in China: retrofitting an integrated mechanism forenvironmental management

LI Wei,HU Mengze

Journal Article

Review on environmental policies in China: Evolvement, features, and evaluation

ZHANG Kunmin, WEN Zongguo, PENG Liying

Journal Article

Renewable energy resources, policies and gaps in BRICS countries and the global impact

Lakshmi PATHAK, Kavita SHAH

Journal Article

Current status and developing trends of the contents of heavy metals in sewage sludges in China

Jun YANG,Mei LEI,Tongbin CHEN,Ding GAO,Guodi ZHENG,Guanghui GUO,Duujong LEE

Journal Article

An emerging market for groundwater remediation in China: Policies, statistics, and future outlook

Deyi Hou, Guanghe Li, Paul Nathanail

Journal Article

A Study on the Policies and Regulations of Network Electronic Identity Management

Zou Xiang,Hu Chuanping and Fang Binxing、Chen Bing

Journal Article

POLICIES AND REGULATIONS FOR PROMOTING MANURE MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION IN CHINA

Journal Article

China’s Rural Transformation and Policies: Past Experience and Future Directions

Jikun Huang

Journal Article

Electricity demand, GDP and employment: evidence from Italy

Cosimo MAGAZZINO

Journal Article

Influence of entrainer recycle for batch heteroazeotropic distillation

Laszlo Hegely, Peter Lang

Journal Article

Trends of environmental accidents and impact factors in China

Pengli XUE, Weihua ZENG

Journal Article

Why does environmental compliance cost more than penalty?—A legal analysis on environmental acts of enterprises in China

DONG Hongwei

Journal Article

Analysis of the current situation of environmental policy of China and establishment of distributed environmental

Chaoyang FU,Wangfeng LI

Journal Article

Reducing environmental impacts through socioeconomic transitions: critical review and prospects

Journal Article

A Comprehensive Evaluation of Policy Effectiveness for Energy Efficiency in Existing Buildings

Xing Wei,Han-ding Guo

Journal Article